Entering a new stage of development, my country's internal and external development environment has undergone profound changes, and it is facing many new major issues that need to be correctly understood and grasped. Here, I will focus on a few issues.

The first issue: correctly understand and grasp the strategic goals and practical ways to achieve common prosperity. "A country is called rich because it enriches its people." The creation and distribution of wealth is a major issue faced by all countries. While social wealth continues to grow in some Western countries, there has long been a disparity between the rich and the poor and polarization. Some Latin American countries do not have high incomes, but the distribution gap is large. Under my country's socialist system, we must not only continuously liberate and develop social productivity, continuously create and accumulate social wealth, but also prevent polarization, and effectively promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people to achieve more obvious and substantial progress. In the past, we were egalitarian at a low income level. After reform and opening up, some regions and some people became rich first, and at the same time, the income gap gradually widened. The improper concentration of some wealth has brought risks and challenges to the healthy operation of the economy and society.

Common prosperity is an essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. How should the path of common prosperity be taken? We are exploring. To achieve the goal of common prosperity, we must first make the "cake" bigger and better through the joint efforts of the people across the country, and then properly handle the relationship between growth and distribution through reasonable institutional arrangements, and cut the "cake" well. This is a long historical process. We must create conditions, improve the system, and steadily move towards this goal.

We must strengthen the employment priority orientation in promoting high-quality development. Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood. We must increase the employment driving force of economic growth and continuously promote the expansion of employment quantity and the improvement of quality. We must support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and give full play to their role as the main channel of employment. We must learn from the lessons of some Western countries' economic "de-materialization", continuously strengthen the real economy, and create more high-quality jobs. We must increase human capital investment, improve education quality, strengthen vocational education and skills training, improve the quality of workers, better adapt to the needs of high-quality development, and effectively prevent the risk of large-scale unemployment.

We must give full play to the function and role of distribution. We must handle the relationship between efficiency and fairness well, and build a basic institutional arrangement for the coordination and matching of primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution. We must adhere to distribution according to work as the main body, increase the proportion of labor remuneration in primary distribution, and improve the policy of distribution according to factors. We should give full play to the regulatory role of redistribution, increase the regulatory strength of taxation, social security, transfer payments, etc., and improve precision. We should give full play to the role of the third distribution, guide and support enterprises and social groups with the willingness and ability to actively participate in public welfare and charity, but we should not engage in moral kidnapping and "forced donations".

We should improve the public service policy and system. To promote common prosperity, we should not engage in "welfareism". In the past, some Latin American countries engaged in populism, and high welfare supported a group of "lazy people" and unearned people. As a result, the national finances were overwhelmed and fell into the "middle-income trap" and could not extricate themselves for a long time. Welfare benefits cannot be reduced once they go up. "Welfareism" that exceeds our capabilities is unsustainable and will inevitably bring serious economic and political problems! We must insist on doing our best and doing what we can, focusing on improving the level of public services, accurately providing basic public services in areas that the people are most concerned about, such as education, medical care, elderly care, housing, etc., to protect the basic living bottom line of the people in need, and not to raise appetites or make empty promises.

The second question: correctly understand and grasp the characteristics and behavioral laws of capital. Marx and Engels did not imagine that a market economy could be established under socialist conditions, and of course they could not foresee how socialist countries would treat capital. Although Lenin and Stalin led the socialist construction in the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union implemented a highly centralized planned economic system at that time and basically did not encounter large-scale capital problems. The socialist market economy is a great creation of our party. Since it is a socialist market economy, various forms of capital will inevitably be generated. There are many differences between capital in capitalist society and capital in socialist society, but capital is always seeking profits. "The world's wealth is united by money, and the world's wealth is managed by law." We must explore how to give full play to the positive role of capital under the conditions of a socialist market economy while effectively controlling the negative role of capital. In recent years, due to insufficient understanding and lack of supervision, capital has expanded disorderly, manipulated arbitrarily, and made huge profits in some areas of our country. This requires regulating capital behavior, seeking benefits and avoiding harm, and not allowing "capital crocodiles" to act recklessly, while giving full play to the function of capital as a factor of production. This is a major political and economic issue that cannot be avoided.